@article{ref1,
title="Examining state self-criticism and self-efficacy as factors underlying hopelessness and suicidal ideation",
journal="Suicide and life-threatening behavior",
year="2023",
author="Brott, Katherine Hyde and Veilleux, Jennifer C.",
volume="ePub",
number="ePub",
pages="ePub-ePub",
abstract="INTRODUCTION: When people feel hopeless, they are more likely to think about suicide. Prior work has shown that both hopelessness and suicidal ideation fluctuate over time; however, there are likely other contextual factors underlying increased hopelessness and suicidal ideation in moments of time. <br><br>METHOD: In two studies using retrospective recall of a real event (Study 1, n = 268) and an experimental imaginal vignette design (Study 2, n = 356), we examined self-criticism and self-efficacy for self-regulation as crucial factors underlying hopelessness in people vulnerable to suicidal ideation. <br><br>RESULTS: In both studies, greater state self-criticism and lower state self-efficacy were associated with greater hopelessness. In Study 2, we also measured suicidal ideation, and found that higher self-criticism and lower self-efficacy for self-regulation scores were associated with greater suicidal ideation, even when controlling for negative affect. Evidence of an interaction between self-criticism and self-efficacy was found with scores in Study 2 but not in Study 1; specifically, lower self-efficacy was associated with greater ideation when self-criticism was high but not when self-criticism was low. <br><br>CONCLUSION: Overall, results support self-criticism and self-efficacy as important contextual factors underlying hopelessness and suicidal ideation and attending to the potential interactive effect between self-criticism and self-efficacy.<p /> <p>Language: en</p>",
language="en",
issn="0363-0234",
doi="10.1111/sltb.13034",
url="http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/sltb.13034"
}