@article{ref1,
title="Non-obstetric maternal mortality trends by race in the United States",
journal="Maternal and child health journal",
year="2023",
author="Huang, Ryan S. and Spence, Andrea R. and Abenhaim, Haim A.",
volume="ePub",
number="ePub",
pages="ePub-ePub",
abstract="OBJECTIVES: Public health interventions to reduce maternal mortality have largely focused on obstetric causes of death. However, previous studies have noted that non-obstetrics factors, such as motor vehicle accidents, substance overdoses, homicides, and suicides, may account for a large proportion of maternal deaths. The study objective was to examine trends in maternal deaths from non-obstetric causes across races in the United States (US). <br><br>METHODS: A population-based cross-sectional study was conducted on 80,710,348 live births using data from the &quot;Birth Data&quot; and &quot;Mortality Multiple Cause&quot; files compiled by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention from 2000 to 2019. The annual incidence of maternal deaths attributed to non-obstetric causes (/100,000 live-births) during pregnancy and up to 42 days postpartum were calculated across racial groups. Then the effects of race on the risk of non-obstetric maternal mortality and temporal changes over the study period were examined using logistic regression models. <br><br>RESULTS: From 2000 to 2019, a total 7,334 women died during pregnancy, childbirth, and within 42 days postpartum from non-obstetric causes, representing 34.5% (7,334/21,241) of all maternal mortality. Of non-obstetric deaths, 31.3% were caused by transport accidents and 27.3% by accidental poisoning. American Indian women were found to have the highest risk of non-obstetric maternal mortality (OR 2.20,95% CI 1.90-2.56), and 46.1% (176/382) of all deaths among pregnant American Indian women were caused by non-obstetric complications. Risk of non-obstetric maternal mortality increased overall during the 20-year study period, with a greater increase among Black (1.15, 1.13-1.17) and American Indian women (1.17, 1.13-1.21). <br><br>CONCLUSION: Non-obstetric causes of death have become increasingly prevalent in the US, especially in American Indian women. Novel interventions to address these non-obstetric factors should especially target American Indian women to improve maternal outcomes.<p /> <p>Language: en</p>",
language="en",
issn="1092-7875",
doi="10.1007/s10995-023-03862-7",
url="http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10995-023-03862-7"
}