@article{ref1,
title="Drug driving: a secondary analysis of factors associated with driving under the influence of cannabis in Jamaica",
journal="BMJ open",
year="2024",
author="Lalwani, Kunal and Martin, Jacqueline and Barton, Everard and Frazier, Gralyn and Abel, Wendel",
volume="14",
number="1",
pages="e078437-e078437",
abstract="OBJECTIVES: To determine cannabis use patterns, the predictive sociodemographic correlates of driving under the influence of cannabis (DUIC) and the association between risk perception and cannabis dependence among vehicle drivers in Jamaica. <br><br>DESIGN: Secondary data analysis. SETTING: Used the Jamaica National Drug Prevalence Survey 2016 dataset. PARTICIPANTS: 1060 vehicle drivers extracted from the population sample of 4623. PRIMARY AND SECONDARY OUTCOME MEASURES: Analysis used Pearson's χ(2) test and logistic regression. ORs and 95% CIs were recorded. A p<0.05 was considered statistically significant. <br><br>RESULTS: More than 10% of Jamaican drivers admitted to DUIC in the past year. Approximately 43.3% of drivers who currently use cannabis reported DUIC only. Evidently, 86.8% of drivers who DUIC were heavy cannabis users. Approximately 30% of drivers with moderate to high-risk perception of smoking cannabis sometimes or often were dependent on cannabis. Notwithstanding, drivers with no to low-risk perception of smoking cannabis sometimes or often were significantly likelier to be dependent (p<0.001 and p<0.001, respectively). Logistic regression highlighted male drivers (OR 4.14, 95% CI 1.59 to 14.20, p=0.009) that were 34 years and under (OR 2.97, 95% CI 1.71 to 5.29, p<0.001) and were the head of the household (OR 2.22, 95% CI 1.10 to 4.75, p=0.031) and operated a machine as part of their job (OR 1.87, 95% CI 1.09 to 3.24, p=0.023) were more likely to DUIC, while those who were married (OR 0.42, 95% CI 0.22 to 0.74, p=0.004) and had achieved a tertiary-level education (OR 0.26, 95% CI 0.06 to 0.76, p=0.031) were less likely. <br><br>CONCLUSIONS: Two in five Jamaican drivers, who currently smoke cannabis, drive under its influence, with over 85% engaging in heavy use. Public health implications necessitate policy-makers consider mobile roadside drug testing and amending drug-driving laws to meet international standards.  Keywords: Cannabis impaired driving; Drug impaired driving <p /> <p>Language: en</p>",
language="en",
issn="2044-6055",
doi="10.1136/bmjopen-2023-078437",
url="http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2023-078437"
}