@article{ref1,
title="Meta-analysis of cognitive rehabilitation interventions in veterans and service members with traumatic brain injuries",
journal="Journal of head trauma rehabilitation",
year="2024",
author="Austin, Tara A. and Hodges, Cooper B. and Thomas, Michael L. and Szabo, Yvette Z. and Parr, Sarah and Eschler, Ben D. and Lantrip, Crystal and Twamley, Elizabeth",
volume="ePub",
number="ePub",
pages="ePub-ePub",
abstract="MAIN OBJECTIVE: Cognitive difficulties are some of the most frequently experienced symptoms following mild-to-moderate traumatic brain injuries (TBIs). There is meta-analytic evidence that cognitive rehabilitation improves cognitive functioning after TBI in nonveteran populations but not specifically within the veteran and service member (V/SM) population. The purpose of the current meta-analysis was to examine the effect of cognitive rehabilitation interventions for V/SMs with a history of mild-to-moderate TBI. DESIGN AND MAIN MEASURES: This meta-analysis was preregistered with PROSPERO (CRD42021262902) and used the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) checklist for reporting guidelines. Inclusion criteria required studies to have (1) randomized controlled trials; (2) used adult participants (aged 18 years or older) who were US veterans or active-duty service members who had a history of mild-to-moderate TBI; (3) cognitive rehabilitation treatments designed to improve cognition and/or everyday functioning; (4) used objective neuropsychological testing as a primary outcome measure; and (5) been published in English. At least 2 reviewers independently screened all identified abstracts and full-text articles and coded demographic and effect size data. The final search was run on February 24, 2023, using 4 databases (PubMed, PsycINFO, Web of Science, and Google Scholar). Study quality and bias were examined using the revised Cochrane Risk-of-Bias Tool for Randomized Trials. <br><br>RESULTS: We identified 8 articles meeting full criteria (total participants = 564; 97% of whom had a history of mild TBI). Compared with control groups, participants showed a small, but significant, improvement in overall objective neuropsychological functioning after cognitive rehabilitation interventions. Interventions focusing on teaching strategies had a larger effect size than did those focusing on drill-and-practice approaches for both objective neuropsychological test performance and performance-based measures of functional capacity. <br><br>CONCLUSION: There is evidence of cognitive improvement in V/SMs with TBI histories after participation in cognitive rehabilitation. Clinician-administered interventions focusing on teaching strategies may yield the greatest cognitive improvement in this population.<p /> <p>Language: en</p>",
language="en",
issn="0885-9701",
doi="10.1097/HTR.0000000000000924",
url="http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/HTR.0000000000000924"
}