@article{ref1,
title="Trends and characteristics of terrorist attacks against nightclub venues over 5 decades",
journal="Disaster medicine and public health preparedness",
year="2024",
author="Rahman, Grace R. and Liang, Stephen Y. and Tian, Linlin and Sin, Steve S. and Jasani, Gregory N.",
volume="18",
number="",
pages="e12-e12",
abstract="INTRODUCTION: Nightclubs are entertainment and hospitality venues historically vulnerable to terrorist attacks. This study identified and characterized terrorist attacks targeting nightclubs and discotheques documented in the Global Terrorism Database (GTD) over a 50-y period. <br><br>METHODS: A search of the Global Terrorism Database (GTD) was conducted from 1970 to 2019. Precoded variables for target type &quot;business&quot; and target subtype &quot;entertainment/cultural/stadium/casino&quot; were used to identify attacks potentially involving nightclubs. Nightclub venues were specifically identified using the search terms &quot;club,&quot; &quot;nightclub,&quot; and &quot;discotheque.&quot; Two authors manually reviewed each entry to confirm the appropriateness for inclusion. Descriptive statistics were performed using R (3.6.1). <br><br>RESULTS: A total of 114 terrorist attacks targeting nightclub venues were identified from January 1, 1970, through December 31, 2019. Seventy-four (64.9%) attacks involved nightclubs, while forty (35.1%) attacks involved discotheques. A bombing or explosion was involved in 84 (73.7%) attacks, followed by armed assault in 14 (12.3%) attacks. The highest number of attacks occurred in Western Europe and Sub-Saharan Africa. In total, 284 persons died, and 1175 persons were wounded in attacks against nightclub venues. <br><br>CONCLUSIONS: While terrorist attacks against nightclub venues are infrequent, the risk for mass casualties and injuries can be significant, mainly when explosives and armed assaults are used.<p /> <p>Language: en</p>",
language="en",
issn="1935-7893",
doi="10.1017/dmp.2023.236",
url="http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/dmp.2023.236"
}