@article{ref1,
title="Associations among individual, social, and environmental barriers and children's walking or cycling to school",
journal="American journal of health promotion",
year="2007",
author="Salmon, Jo and Salmon, Louisa and Crawford, D. A. and Hume, Clare and Timperio, Anna",
volume="22",
number="2",
pages="107-113",
abstract="PURPOSE: To examine associations among individual, social, and environmental barriers and children's walking or cycling to school. DESIGN: Exploratory cross-sectional study. SETTING: All eight capital cities in Australia. SUBJECTS. Parents (N=720) of school-aged children (4-13 years; 27% response rate; 49% parents of boys). MEASURES: Multivariate-adjusted odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) for parental reporting of barriers to their children's walking or cycling to school, based on a computer-assisted telephone interview. RESULTS: Forty-one percent of children walked or cycled to school at least once per week. Multivariable analyses found inverse associations with individual (&quot;child prefers to be driven&quot; [OR = 0.4, 95% CI = 0.3-0.6], &quot;no time in the mornings&quot; [OR = 0.5, 95% CI = 0.3-0.8]); social (&quot;worry child will take risks&quot; [OR = 0.6, 95% CI = 0.3-0.9], &quot;no other children to walk with&quot; [OR = 0.7, 95% CI = 0.4-0.99], &quot;no adults to walk with&quot; [OR = 0.6, 95% CI = 0.4-0.9]); and environmental barriers (&quot;too far to walk&quot; [OR = 0.1, 95% CI = 0.0-0.1], &quot;no direct route&quot; [OR = 0.4, 95% CI = 0.2-0.7]) and positive associations with &quot;concern child may be injured in a road accident&quot; (OR = 1.9, 95% CI = 1.1-3.1) and active commuting. CONCLUSION: Working with parents, schools, and local authorities to improve pedestrian skills and environments may help to overcome barriers.  KW: SR2S <p /> <p>Language: en</p>",
language="en",
issn="0890-1171",
doi="",
url="http://dx.doi.org/"
}