@article{ref1,
title="Adverse childhood experiences are associated with personality disorder: a prospective, longitudinal study",
journal="Journal of personality disorders",
year="2024",
author="Broekhof, Rosalie and Nordahl, Hans M. and Eikenæs, Ingeborg Ulltveit-Moe and Selvik, Sara G.",
volume="38",
number="1",
pages="19-33",
abstract="There is a lack of studies that have prospectively examined adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) in association with a personality disorder (PD). Data from a sample of 8,199 adolescents first assessed for ACEs were linked with subsequent data from the Norwegian Patient Register in order to obtain diagnoses of a PD in adulthood (after a 14-year follow-up). We used logistic regression analysis. Any type of ACE gave a 3.8-fold higher risk of developing a PD. Abuse, more specifically emotional abuse, came out as one of the strongest predictors. Of the adolescents who developed a PD, approximately 90% had a history of ACE. The results of this study support the importance of assessing ACEs, such as abuse, neglect, and household dysfunction, in the diagnostic procedure and treatment for PD.<p /> <p>Language: en</p>",
language="en",
issn="0885-579X",
doi="10.1521/pedi.2024.38.1.19",
url="http://dx.doi.org/10.1521/pedi.2024.38.1.19"
}