@article{ref1,
title="Nightmare frequency is a risk factor for suicidal ideation during the COVID-19 pandemic",
journal="Journal of sleep research",
year="2024",
author="Bolstad, Courtney J. and Holzinger, Brigitte and Scarpelli, Serena and De gennaro, Luigi and Yordanova, Juliana and Koumanova, Silvia and Mota-Rolim, Sérgio and Benedict, Christian and Bjorvatn, Bjørn and Chan, Ngan Yin and Chung, Frances and Dauvilliers, Yves and Espie, Colin A. and Inoue, Yuichi and Korman, Maria and Koscec Bjelajac, Adrijana and Landtblom, Anne-Marie and Matsui, Kentaro and Merikanto, Ilona and Morin, Charles M. and Partinen, Markku and Penzel, Thomas and Plazzi, Giuseppe and Reis, Cátia and Ross, Biserka and Wing, Yun Kwok and Nadorff, Michael R.",
volume="ePub",
number="ePub",
pages="ePub-ePub",
abstract="The association between nightmare frequency (NMF) and suicidal ideation (SI) is well known, yet the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on this relation is inconsistent. This study aimed to investigate changes in NMF, SI, and their association during the COVID-19 pandemic. Data were collected in 16 countries using a harmonised questionnaire. The sample included 9328 individuals (4848 women; age M[SD] = 46.85 [17.75] years), and 17.60% reported previous COVID-19. Overall, SI was significantly 2% lower during the pandemic vs. before, and this was consistent across genders and ages. Most countries/regions demonstrated decreases in SI during this pandemic, with Austria (-9.57%), Sweden (-6.18%), and Bulgaria (-5.14%) exhibiting significant declines in SI, but Italy (1.45%) and Portugal (2.45%) demonstrated non-significant increases. Suicidal ideation was more common in participants with long-COVID (21.10%) vs. short-COVID (12.40%), though SI did not vary by COVID-19 history. Nightmare frequency increased by 4.50% during the pandemic and was significantly higher in those with previous COVID-19 (14.50% vs. 10.70%), during infection (23.00% vs. 8.10%), and in those with long-COVID (18.00% vs. 8.50%). The relation between NMF and SI was not significantly stronger during the pandemic than prior (rs = 0.18 vs. 0.14; z = 2.80). Frequent nightmares during the pandemic increased the likelihood of reporting SI (OR = 1.57, 95% CI 1.20-2.05), while frequent dream recall during the pandemic served a protective effect (OR = 0.74, 95% CI 0.59-0.94). These findings have important implications for identifying those at risk of suicide and may offer a potential pathway for suicide prevention.<p /> <p>Language: en</p>",
language="en",
issn="0962-1105",
doi="10.1111/jsr.14165",
url="http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jsr.14165"
}