@article{ref1,
title="Hate-speech countering by immigrant and pro-immigrant associations in Almeria (Spain)",
journal="Social sciences (Basel)",
year="2024",
author="Rodriguez Martinez, Pilar and Martinez Joya, Lucía and Villegas Lirola, Francisco",
volume="13",
number="1",
pages="e33-e33",
abstract="In recent years, there has been an exponential increase in anti-immigrant hate speech on social media. Drawing on interviews with 15 immigrant associations and 11 pro-immigrant associations in the southern Spanish province of Almería, as well as digital ethnography, this article explores strategies used by immigrant and pro-immigrant associations to counter hate speech. The rise of this hate speech, disseminated mainly by far-right parties, has occurred at a time when many immigrant associations have little or no access to social media platforms. However, members of all these associations (immigrant and pro-immigrant) are aware of the perverse effects of these discourses, as they have either received them on their personal social media platforms or experienced abhorrent hate-speech attacks against their members and/or users. Despite their difficulties in navigating the &quot;glocaline political arena&quot;, they have participated in a number of projects and developed tools that allow them to generate a counter-discourse. We identify and explore the richness and diversity of these online campaigns and activities, highlighting the difficulties that immigrant associations--compared to pro-immigrant ones--face in navigating the glocaline political arena.<p /> <p>Language: en</p>",
language="en",
issn="2076-0760",
doi="10.3390/socsci13010033",
url="http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/socsci13010033"
}