@article{ref1,
title="A two-step process to increase successful geocoding in publicly available police stop data",
journal="Police practice and research",
year="2023",
author="Wallace, Danielle and Helderop, Edward and Grubesic, Anthony and Walker, Jason and Liu, Xiaoyue Cathy and Wei, Ran and Zhou, Yirong and Stewart, Connor",
volume="24",
number="4",
pages="509-515",
abstract="Many police departments are meeting calls for transparency by releasing publicly accessible data. High-quality address locations are critical for successful and accurate geocoding, though the content and quality of that data can drastically vary across datasets. In this study, we showcase a two-step geocoding process that helps convert low-quality address locations into geo-locatable addresses using traditional geocoding and Jaro-Winkler edit distance methods with police stop data from the San Diego Police Department. For reference, only 83% of stops were geocoded when using traditional geocoding methods. By employing the Jaro-Winkler edit distance to clean the stop address strings, we were able to geocode 99% of stops. We further discuss data creation practices and solutions for data quality-related issues for police departments and researchers when using publicly available policing data.<p /> <p>Language: en</p>",
language="en",
issn="1561-4263",
doi="10.1080/15614263.2023.2181169",
url="http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/15614263.2023.2181169"
}