@article{ref1,
title="Understanding disproportionate female completion rates at police academies",
journal="Police practice and research",
year="2024",
author="Bowers Jr, David Alexander and Semukhina, Olga B. and Reynolds, Kenneth Mike",
volume="25",
number="2",
pages="133-149",
abstract="This paper investigates gender differences in graduation rates for police trainees in the nationwide sample of police academies collected in 2018 by the Census of Law Enforcement Training Academies. The study explores which characteristics of the police academies can explain the lower levels of graduation for female trainees when compared to their male counterparts. The findings suggest that the stress environment, the gender ratio of trainees, the instructors' minimum education, the affiliation of the police academy with an academic institution, and the length of the program play an important role in explaining lower graduation rates for female trainees. When scrutinizing the specific reasons for failure, female trainees are more likely to fail due to challenges encountered in firearms training, driving lessons, and physical fitness instruction, but not due to overall academic performance. The female trainees are also twice as likely to voluntarily admit to failure and withdraw as their male counterparts.<p /> <p>Language: en</p>",
language="en",
issn="1561-4263",
doi="10.1080/15614263.2023.2195181",
url="http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/15614263.2023.2195181"
}