@article{ref1,
title="Illusory inferences in conditional expressions",
journal="Memory and cognition",
year="2024",
author="Espino, Orlando and Orenes, Isabel and Moreno-Ríos, Sergio",
volume="ePub",
number="ePub",
pages="ePub-ePub",
abstract="A robber points a gun at a cashier and says: &quot;Only one of these two options is true: If you conceal the combination to the safe, then I kill you; otherwise, if you don´t conceal the combination to the safe, then I kill you.&quot; Hearing this statement, most people conclude that, in either case, &quot;I kill you.&quot; This is an illusory response, in fact; the valid conclusion states &quot;I don´t kill you.&quot; The research reported here studied the roles that different expressions of conditionals (&quot;if-then,&quot; &quot;only if,&quot; and &quot;if and only if&quot;) play in the illusory response. Three experiments show that participants inferred the conclusion &quot;I kill you&quot; from the conditional &quot;if-then&quot; and &quot;I may or may not kill you&quot; from the conditional &quot;only if,&quot; while selecting both options with similar frequency for the biconditional &quot;if and only if.&quot; These results shed light on the main theories of deductive reasoning.<p /> <p>Language: en</p>",
language="en",
issn="0090-502X",
doi="10.3758/s13421-024-01571-2",
url="http://dx.doi.org/10.3758/s13421-024-01571-2"
}