@article{ref1,
title="Hidden bipolarity in OCD: Results from a collaborative survey with the French OCD Association",
journal="Annales medico-psychologiques",
year="2002",
author="Hantouche, E.G. and Akiskal, H.S. and Demonfaucon, C. and Barrot, I. and Kochman, F. and Millet, B. and Lancrenon, S. and Allilaire, J.F.",
volume="160",
number="1",
pages="34-41",
abstract="BACKGROUND: Clinical data is largely focused on depressive comorbidity in OCD. However in practice, treating resistant or severe OCD sufferers revealed many cases who seem to have an authentic OCD with a hidden comorbid bipolar disorder. <br><br>METHODS: The rate of bipolar comorbidity in OCD was analyzed in a epidemiological survey which we undertook among the members of the French Association of patients suffering from OCD (AFTOC in French). To explore mood comorbidity, we used structured self-rated questionnaires for major depression, hypomania and mania (DSM-IV criteria) and self-rated Angst's checklist of Hypomania and Cyclothymic Temperament (developped by Akiskal and Hantouche). From a total sample of 780, 453 files (58 %) were returned and analyzed: 76 % had suffered from a major depression (83 % recurrent) and 17 % had attempted suicide. <br><br>RESULTS: According to DSM-IV definitions of hypomania/mania, 11 % of the total sample were classified as bipolar (3 % as BP-I and 8 % as BP-II). However, 20 % had been recognized as bipolar or cyclothymic before the survey and treated with mood stabilizers. Furthermore, the Hypomania Checklist of Angst showed that 30 % obtained a cut-off score = 10. Analysis on the self-rated questionnaire for Cyclothymic Temperament showed that 50 % scored = 10, and so classified as BPII1/2. Both thresholds for self-rated hypomania and cyclothymia were previously validated by Hantouche et al. (1998). Finally, our analyses showed that anger attacks and suicide behavior were mainly linked to comorbid bipolarity. <br><br>CONCLUSION: These data extend clinical research on &quot;bipolar OCD&quot; entity which is largely under-recognized in clinical practice. Also, they implicate cyclothymia in hostility and suicide risk in this population. © 2002 Éditions scientifiques et médicales Elsevier SAS.<p /><p>Language: fr</p>",
language="fr",
issn="0003-4487",
doi="10.1016/S0003-4487(02)00142-7",
url="http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0003-4487(02)00142-7"
}