@article{ref1,
title="The emergence of 3D-printed firearms: an analysis of media and law enforcement reports",
journal="Forensic science international : synergy",
year="2024",
author="Schaufelbühl, Stefan and Florquin, Nicolas and Werner, Denis and Delémont, Olivier",
volume="8",
number="",
pages="e100464-e100464",
abstract="3D-printed firearms, an emerging category of privately made firearms (PMF) produced beyond government control, have become increasingly prevalent due to technological advancements. They are now emerging as a cost-effective and reliable alternative to conventional firearms. Raised to public awareness following the 2013 release of the 3D-printed Liberator, these firearms are now more commonly encountered by police forces. This article analyses various reports involving 3D-printed firearms, reflecting the increasing encounters by law enforcement agencies. It examines 186 cases involving 3D-printed firearms, primarily from North America, Europe, and Oceania, highlighting a significant rise in incidents since 2021. These incidents include seizures, illicit uses, and online sales, with the firearms typically being hybrid models, Parts Kit Completions/Conversions (PKC), or firearm components such as auto sears. The study underscores the use of affordable equipment and materials for production, emphasizing the accessibility and potential risks of these firearms.<p /> <p>Language: en</p>",
language="en",
issn="2589-871X",
doi="10.1016/j.fsisyn.2024.100464",
url="http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.fsisyn.2024.100464"
}