@article{ref1,
title="Psychosocial factors and addiction in chronic orofacial neuropathic pain",
journal="Australian endodontic journal",
year="2018",
author="Braunsteiner, N.E. and Vickers, E.R. and Toole, B.M. and Braunsteiner, J.",
volume="44",
number="2",
pages="148-158",
abstract="Neuropathic trigeminal pain is a difficult condition to diagnose as the pain is an invisible non-odontogenic phenomenon but typically presents as high intensity pain in the teeth and surrounding tissue. Persistent pain leads to psychological and behavioural issues. Medical conditions that consequently manifest include the co-morbid psychological states of depression, anxiety and stress that can lead to suicide. Addiction plays a maladaptive role utilised by patients to escape their pain. Improved pain outcomes are achieved when instituting comprehensive psychological assessment and treatments with established medical and dental chronic pain protocols. © 2018 Australian Society of Endodontology Inc<p /><p>Language: en</p>",
language="en",
issn="1329-1947",
doi="10.1111/aej.12254",
url="http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/aej.12254"
}