@article{ref1,
title="Syndemic indicators predict poor medication adherence and increased healthcare utilization for urban HIV-positive men who have sex with men",
journal="Journal of gay and lesbian mental health",
year="2018",
author="Pantalone, D.W. and Valentine, S.E. and Woodward, E.N. and O'Cleirigh, C.",
volume="22",
number="1",
pages="71-87",
abstract="Research on men who have sex with men (MSM) has uncovered psychosocial factors (syndemic indicators) that are associated additively with poor health. To test these relations in a sample of HIV-positive MSM, we enrolled 166 patients from two HIV clinics. We investigated relations between syndemic indicators and outcomes, including medication nonadherence, condomless anal sex (CAS), and healthcare utilization. A large proportion of participants reported each syndemic indicator: polysubstance use 43%, suicide attempt 28%, childhood sexual abuse 39%, partner abuse 64%. Analyses confirmed an additive effect, whereby endorsing 1+ indicator was associated with increased odds of medication nonadherence and medical hospitalization. © 2018 Taylor and Francis Group, LLC. All rights reserved.<p /><p>Language: en</p>",
language="en",
issn="1935-9705",
doi="10.1080/19359705.2017.1389794",
url="http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/19359705.2017.1389794"
}