@article{ref1,
title="Disparities in the accuracy of reporting opioid overdoses to 9-1-1 by race and sex of overdose victim, Marion County, Indiana, 2011-2020",
journal="Health and justice",
year="2024",
author="Atkins, Danielle N. and Ray, Bradley and O'Donnell, Daniel and Andraka-Christou, Barbara and Clark, M. H. and Del Pozo, Brandon",
volume="12",
number="1",
pages="25-25",
abstract="OBJECTIVES: To assess the prevalence of emergency medical incidents wherein naloxone was administered but overdose was not described as the chief complaint during the 9-1-1 call, including differences by overdose victim race/ethnicity and sex. <br><br>METHODS: We computed the percentage of 9-1-1 calls in Marion County, Indiana, from 2011 to 2020, wherein naloxone was administered but the caller did not describe overdose as the chief complaint. We estimated a logistic regression to examine the associations between reporting of overdose as the chief complaint and race and sex of the overdose victim. <br><br>RESULTS: Almost one-fifth of 9-1-1 calls preceding naloxone administration did not describe overdose as the chief complaint. 9-1-1 callers were more likely to describe a non-overdose as the chief complaint when the overdose victim was Black or female. <br><br>CONCLUSION: 9-1-1 callers are less likely to use terminology describing overdose when the overdose victim is female or Black, than when the victim is male or White. Inaccurate terminology when calling 9-1-1 could delay naloxone administration, thereby increasing risk of overdose death and hypoxic brain injury. Some 9-1-1 callers may be avoiding overdose terminology to prevent a police response, or due to lack of knowledge about overdose identification, but further research is needed to determine the mechanisms underlying these findings.<p /> <p>Language: en</p>",
language="en",
issn="2194-7899",
doi="10.1186/s40352-024-00279-4",
url="http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s40352-024-00279-4"
}