@article{ref1,
title="Personality disorder and future-directed thinking in parasuicide",
journal="Journal of personality disorders",
year="2004",
author="MacLeod, Andrew K. and Tata, Philip and Tyrer, Peter and Schmidt, Ulrike and Davidson, Kate and Thompson, Simon and POPMACT Group, ",
volume="18",
number="5",
pages="459-466",
abstract="Parasuicide patients have been found to lack positive expectations for the future. The aim of the present study was to look at variations in this lack of positive future-thinking as a function of personality status. A sample (N = 442) of repeat parasuicide patients was assessed on positive and negative future-thinking and the presence of personality disorder or personality difficulty. Those with a Cluster B personality disorder (borderline or dissocial) were significantly lower in positive future-thinking than those with no Cluster B symptoms or those with Cluster B personality difficulty. Neither Cluster A nor Cluster C symptomatology was related to positive future-thinking. Negative future-thinking was not significantly related to any type of personality disorder or difficulty. The results are interpreted as evidence of the importance of personality status in influencing positive future-thinking and gives some indications of why those with Cluster B personality disorder have such high rates of recurrent self-harm.<p /><p>Language: en</p>",
language="en",
issn="0885-579X",
doi="10.1521/pedi.18.5.459.51329",
url="http://dx.doi.org/10.1521/pedi.18.5.459.51329"
}