@article{ref1,
title="A qualitative comparison of DSM depression criteria to language used by older church-going African-Americans",
journal="Aging and mental health",
year="2018",
author="Akinyemi, Esther and Watkins, Daphne C. and Kavanagh, Janet and Johnson-Lawrence, Vicki and Lynn, Shana and Kales, Helen C.",
volume="22",
number="9",
pages="1149-1155",
abstract="OBJECTIVE: Depression in late life is associated with substantial suffering, disability, suicide risk, and decreased health-related quality of life. According to the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fourth Edition (DSM-IV), a depression diagnosis is derived from a constellation of symptoms that may be described differently by different people. For example, the DSM language may be inadequate in capturing these symptoms in certain populations such as African-Americans, whose rates of depression misdiagnosis is high. METHODS: This study reports the findings from a church-based, qualitative study with older African-Americans (n = 50) regarding the language they use when discussing depression and depression treatment, and how this compares to the DSM-IV depression criteria. Content analyses of the in-depth discussions with African-American male and female focus group participants resulted in a deeper understanding of the language they used to describe depression. This language was then mapped onto the DSM-IV depression criteria. RESULTS: While some words used by the focus group participants mapped well onto the DSM-IV criteria, some of the language did not map well, such as language describing irritability, negative thought processes, hopelessness, loneliness, loss of control, helplessness, and social isolation. CONCLUSIONS: The focus group setting provided insight to the language used by older, church-going African-Americans to describe depression. Implications include the advantages of using qualitative data to help inform clinical encounters with older African-Americans.<p /><p>Language: en</p>",
language="en",
issn="1360-7863",
doi="10.1080/13607863.2017.1337717",
url="http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/13607863.2017.1337717"
}