@article{ref1,
title="Temporal self‐appraisal in depression and anxiety: a comparison between a clinical and non‐clinical sample",
journal="Australian psychologist",
year="2020",
author="Mathews, Stephanie and Williams, Ben and Nedeljkovic, Maja",
volume="55",
number="4",
pages="389-396",
abstract="Temporal self‐appraisal theory proposes people perceive themselves as improving over time as a means of self‐enhancement. The current longitudinal study examined patterns of temporal self‐appraisal in individuals meeting criteria for a depressive and/or an anxiety disorder compared with healthy controls. Thirty‐four participants who met criteria for a depressive and/or anxiety disorder and 109 healthy controls were asked to appraise themselves as they currently were and how they expected to be in 4-weeks' time. Four weeks later, 20 participants who met criteria for a depressive and/or anxiety disorder and 62 healthy controls appraised themselves as they currently were and how they were 4-weeks ago (58 and 56% retention, respectively). Similar to healthy controls, participants with a depressive and/or anxiety disorder perceived the self on an upward trajectory over time. This occurred in the absence of actual improvement, reflecting self‐enhancing motives. Participants with a depressive and/or anxiety disorder had lower overall self‐appraisals. This highlights the need for therapy to target self‐appraisals in anxiety and depression. Patterns of temporal self‐appraisal may have a protective function in depression and anxiety that could be maximised in treatment.<p />",
language="en",
issn="0005-0067",
doi="10.1111/ap.12442",
url="http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/ap.12442"
}