@article{ref1,
title="Personality, child maltreatment, and substance use: examining correlates of deliberate self-harm among university students",
journal="Canadian journal of behavioural science",
year="2009",
author="Goldstein, Abby L. and Flett, Gordon L. and Wekerle, Christine and Wall, Anne-Marie",
volume="41",
number="4",
pages="241-251",
abstract="Despite recent interest in deliberate self-harm (DSH), the majority of DSH studies have been limited to clinical samples and have identified psychological or clinical correlates and neglected general personality factors. The present study examined personality traits, child maltreatment, and substance use as correlates of DSH in a sample of 319 (65.2% women) university students. A related goal was to describe the nature of DSH in university students. Overall, 29.4% of students reported that they had engaged in at least 1 act of DSH, and rates of DSH were similar across men and women. Cutting was the most frequently endorsed type of DSH. Women were more likely to have engaged in cutting than men, whereas men were more likely to have put themselves in a violent situation where risk of harm was high. There were no differences in the number of different types of DSH acts reported by men and women. Hierarchical multiple regression revealed several significant positive correlates of DSH acts, including greater depressive symptoms, higher levels of sensation seeking and openness to experience, a history of emotional abuse, and illicit drug use. These findings have important implications for the assessment and treatment of DSH among university students. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2016 APA, all rights reserved)<p />",
language="en",
issn="0008-400X",
doi="10.1037/a0014847",
url="http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/a0014847"
}