@article{ref1,
title="The accuracy of WinSmash delta-v estimates: the influence of vehicle type, stiffness, and impact mode",
journal="Annual proceedings of the Association for the Advancement of Automotive Medicine",
year="2006",
author="Niehoff, P. and Gabler, H. C.",
volume="50",
number="",
pages="70-86",
abstract="The objective of this paper is to investigate the accuracy of WinSmash delta-V estimates as a function of crash mode, vehicle body type, and vehicle stiffness. The accuracy of WinSmash delta-V estimates was evaluated for 121 NASS/CDS 2000-2003 cases for which direct measurements of delta-V had been retrieved from an Event Data Recorder on the case vehicle. WinSmash was found to underestimate delta-V by 23% on average. WinSmash was found to be most accurate in crashes involving full frontal engagement of the vehicle structure. When using categorical stiffness coefficients, the accuracy of delta-V estimates was found to be a strong function of vehicle type. WinSmash underestimated delta-V for pickup trucks by only 3%, but underestimated delta-V for front-wheel drive cars by 31%. The use of vehicle-specific stiffness coefficients improved the accuracy of the longitudinal delta-V estimate. The single most important factor in improving WinSmash accuracy was the inclusion of restitution. After adjusting for restitution, WinSmash underestimated delta-V in frontal crashes by only 1% on average.<p /> <p>Language: en</p>",
language="en",
issn="1540-0360",
doi="",
url="http://dx.doi.org/"
}