@article{ref1,
title="Structural transphobia is associated with psychological distress and suicidality in a large national sample of transgender adults",
journal="Social psychiatry and psychiatric epidemiology",
year="2024",
author="Price, Maggi A. and Hollinsaid, Nathan L. and McKetta, Sarah and Mellen, Emily J. and Rakhilin, Marina",
volume="59",
number="2",
pages="285-294",
abstract="PURPOSE: Transgender adults face increasingly discriminatory laws/policies and prejudicial attitudes in many regions of the United States (US), yet research has neither quantified state-level transphobia using indicators of both, nor considered their collective association with transgender adults' psychological wellbeing, hindering the identification of this potential social determinant of transgender mental health inequity.   METHODS: We therefore used factor analysis to develop a more comprehensive structural transphobia measure encompassing 29 indicators of transphobic laws/policies and attitudes at the state level, which we linked to individual-level mental health data from a large national sample of 27,279 transgender adults (ages 18-100) residing in 45 US states and the District of Columbia (DC).   RESULTS: Controlling for individual- (i.e., demographics), interpersonal- (i.e., perceived discrimination), and state- (i.e., income inequality, religiosity) level covariates, transgender adults from US states with higher (vs. lower) levels of structural transphobia reported more severe past-month psychological distress and were more likely to endorse past-year and lifetime suicidal thoughts, plans, and attempts.   CONCLUSION: Findings provide novel evidence that state-level transphobic laws/policies and attitudes collectively shape a range of important mental health outcomes among transgender adults in the US. Multilevel intervention strategies, such as affirming mental health treatments, provider-training interventions, and supportive legislation, are needed to address structural transphobia's multifaceted nature and negative mental health consequences.<p /> <p>Language: en</p>",
language="en",
issn="0933-7954",
doi="10.1007/s00127-023-02482-4",
url="http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00127-023-02482-4"
}