@article{ref1,
title="Efficacy of cognitive behavioral therapy for anxiety and depression in Parkinson's disease patients: an updated systematic review and meta-analysis",
journal="Neurological sciences",
year="2024",
author="Alnajjar, Asmaa Zakria and Abouelmagd, Moaz Elsayed and Krayim, Abdulrahman and AbdelMeseh, Maickel and Bushara, Nagham and Nabil, Yehia",
volume="ePub",
number="ePub",
pages="ePub-ePub",
abstract="BACKGROUND: Parkinson's disease (PD) patients often experience non-motor symptoms like depression and anxiety, significantly impacting their quality of life. With the limited effectiveness of pharmacological treatments, effective non-pharmacological interventions are needed. This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to evaluate the efficacy of cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) in reducing depression and anxiety symptoms in PD patients. <br><br>METHODS: Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) exploring CBT's effectiveness for depression and anxiety in PD patients were included. Studies published until April 2023 were identified from PubMed, Web of Science, and Scopus. <br><br>METHODological quality was assessed using the Risk of Bias-2 (ROB-2) tool. Statistical analysis involved calculating the standardized mean difference (SMD) and corresponding 95% confidence intervals (CIs) using Review Manager 5.4.1. <br><br>RESULTS: The systematic review included 12 studies involving 241 PD patients. CBT led to a substantial reduction in anxiety (SMD -0.95, 95% CI [-1.15 to -0.74], P < 0.00001) and depression (SMD -1.02, 95% CI [-1.39 to -0.65], P < 0.0001). Both traditional CBT and tele-CBT (administered over the phone or internet) were effective in treating depression and anxiety. Traditional CBT improved depression (SMD -1.16, 95% CI [-1.83 to -0.49], P < 0.00001), while tele-CBT showed comparable results (SMD -0.90, 95% CI [-1.31 to -0.48], P < 0.00001). For anxiety, both traditional CBT (SMD -0.94, 95% CI [-1.25 to -0.63], P < 0.00001) and tele-CBT (SMD -0.95, 95% CI [-1.22 to -0.67], P < 0.00001) significantly reduced symptoms. In conclusion, this systematic review and meta-analysis demonstrated the efficacy of CBT in reducing depression and anxiety in PD patients. Healthcare providers are encouraged to integrate CBT into their treatment protocols. However, additional high-quality studies with longer-term follow-up assessments are needed to further enhance understanding in this area. PROSPERO REGISTRATION: CRD42023424758.<p /> <p>Language: en</p>",
language="en",
issn="1590-1874",
doi="10.1007/s10072-024-07659-6",
url="http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10072-024-07659-6"
}