@article{ref1,
title="Traumatic brain injury and cognitive change over 30 years among community-dwelling older adults",
journal="Alzheimer's and dementia",
year="2024",
author="Schneider, Andrea L. C. and Pike, James R. and Elser, Holly and Coresh, Josef and Mosley, Thomas H. and Diaz-Arrastia, Ramon and Gottesman, Rebecca F.",
volume="ePub",
number="ePub",
pages="ePub-ePub",
abstract="INTRODUCTION: There is limited evidence regarding the rate of long-term cognitive decline after traumatic brain injury (TBI) among older adults. <br><br>METHODS: In this prospective cohort study, time-varying TBI was defined by self-report and International Classification of Disease diagnostic codes. Cognitive testing was performed at five visits over 30 years and scores were combined into a global cognition factor score. Adjusted linear mixed-effects models estimated the association of TBI with cognitive change. <br><br>RESULTS: A total of 11,701 Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities (ARIC) Study participants (mean baseline age 58 years, 58% female, 25% Black) without TBI at baseline were included. Over follow-up, 18% experienced TBI. The adjusted average decline in cognition per decade (standard deviation units) was more than twice as fast among individuals with ≥ 2 incident TBIs (",
language="en",
issn="1552-5260",
doi="10.1002/alz.14104",
url="http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/alz.14104"
}