@article{ref1,
title="A demographic comparison and characterization of pediatric poisoning before and after the emergence of COVID-19",
journal="Journal of Pediatric Nursing",
year="2024",
author="Salt, Elizabeth and Wiggins, Amanda Thaxton and Howard, Christina and Cooper, Gena L. and Badgett, Tom C. and Rasheed, Kara and McSween, Emily and Rayens, Mary Kay",
volume="",
number="",
pages="S0882-5963(24)00269",
abstract="BACKGROUND: To compare relative rates of pediatric poisoning before and after COVID-19, including by demographic and urban-rural status, and by agent identified, using data from one university healthcare system and children's hospital. <br><br>METHODS: Using retrospective, cross sectional design from deidentified healthcare claims data, we extracted all encounters with the ICD-10-CM for Poisoning by, Adverse effects of, and Underdosing of drugs, medicants and biological substances (T36-T50) and grouped the encounters as those after state mandates regulating activity came into effect (Post-COVID-19 (3/17/2020-3/18/2021)) Pre-COVID-19 (3/18/2019-3/17/2020). We then compared poisoning agent, age at the time of the encounter, recorded sex, race, ethnicity, rural/urban residence, and visit type using Mann-Whitney U test, chi-square test of association, incidence rates and incident rate ratios between the time periods. <br><br>FINDINGS: The sample included 1608 unique patients 0-17 years of age and 4216 encounters. We also identified IRRs >1 in nearly every demographic subgroup with the exception of Non-Hispanic Blacks. The comparison of specific drugs or medicants identified a significant decrease in poisoning by Systemic antibiotics (T36); but an increase in Hormones and their synthetic substitutes and antagonists (T38), Non opioid analgesics antipyretic and antirheumatic (T39), Psychotropic Drugs (T39) and Systemic and hematologic agents (T45). <br><br>CONCLUSION: This study identifies pediatric subgroups highly affected by pediatric poisoning during the time-period immediately after the identification of COVID-19 and characterizes the drugs commonly associated with poisonings.   APPLICATION TO PRACTICE: With a further understanding nursing has the potential to impact pediatric poisoning in the inpatient, outpatient and public health setting.<p /> <p>Language: en</p>",
language="en",
issn="0882-5963",
doi="10.1016/j.pedn.2024.07.006",
url="http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.pedn.2024.07.006"
}