@article{ref1,
title="Evaluation of Primary Safety Belt Laws in California, Louisiana and Georgia",
journal="Annual proceedings of the Association for the Advancement of Automotive Medicine",
year="1998",
author="Ulmer, R. and Preusser, C and Preusser, David F. and Cosgrove, L",
volume="42",
number="",
pages="261-275",
abstract="This study evaluated three states that changed to primary enforcement of safety belt laws, collecting statewide seat belt observation data for several years and conducting monthly seat belt observations for 6 months after passage of the primary law in 6 California cities, 5 Louisiana cities, and 5 Georgia cities (average 1,000-6,000 vehicles a month); monthly motorist surveys at DMVs for 6 months in these sites (n = 7,061); focus groups with law enforcement officers and supervisors in each site; and citations issued locally and statewide for several years. Observed belt use increased substantially in California (+18 percentage points) and in Louisiana (+16 percentage points). Smaller increases were seen in Georgia initially, but grew the following year. In each state, most motorists understood that they could be stopped by a police officer for a belt use violation alone. In Louisiana and Georgia, there was no evidence that one racial group was targeted for enforcement as compared to any other racial group.   <p>Language: en</p>",
language="en",
issn="1540-0360",
doi="",
url="http://dx.doi.org/"
}