@article{ref1,
title="Food insecurity, vision impairment, and longitudinal risk of frailty and falls in the National Health and Aging Trends Study",
journal="Journal of frailty and aging",
year="2024",
author="Wennberg, A. M. and Ek, S. and Na, M.",
volume="13",
number="3",
pages="285-292",
abstract="BACKGROUND: Both food insecurity (FI) and vision impairment (VI), which are linked, have been independently associated with frailty and falls. <br><br>OBJECTIVES: Understand how FI and VI may together contribute to frailty and fall risk could improve insight into these growing public health challenges. DESIGN, SETTING, PARTICIPANTS, MEASUREMENTS: This study included 5,963 participants aged 65 and older enrolled in the National Health and Aging Trends Study. Participants were divided into four exposure groups (&quot;No FI or VI,&quot; &quot;FI, no VI,&quot; &quot;VI, no FI,&quot; and &quot;Both&quot;) based on self-report. The Fried Frailty Index and self-reported falls were assessed annually. We used adjusted logistic and Poisson regression models to examine cross-sectional associations and generalized estimating equations to examine longitudinal associations between FI/VI status and falls and frailty outcomes. <br><br>RESULTS: Most study participants reported neither FI nor VI (n=5169, 86.7%); however, having both FI and VI (n=57, 1%) was cross-sectionally associated with higher frailty score and higher odds of falling multiple times in the last year. FI and/or VI were longitudinally associated with higher frailty score and increased frailty risk, with the strongest association for Both (RRR=1.29, 95% CI 1.23, 1.58; OR=3.18, 95% CI 1.78, 5.69), and with falling, again highest among those with Both, for one (OR=2.47, 95% CI 1.41, 3.96) and multiple (OR=2.46, 95% CI 1.50, 4.06) falls in the last year. <br><br>CONCLUSION: Clinical and public health interventions could address the intersection of FI and VI with the aim of ameliorating the impact of these risk factors and health outcomes.<p /> <p>Language: en</p>",
language="en",
issn="2260-1341",
doi="10.14283/jfa.2024.21",
url="http://dx.doi.org/10.14283/jfa.2024.21"
}