@article{ref1,
title="Development of a Finite Element Model of the Shoulder: Application During a Side Impact",
journal="International journal of crashworthiness",
year="2008",
author="Astier, V. and Thollon, Lionel and Arnoux, Pierre-Jean and Mouret, F. and Brunet, Christian",
volume="13",
number="3",
pages="301-312",
abstract="The shoulder is the most complex joint on the human body. Once shoulder injury occurs it can induce strong instability and a long rehabilitation period. Many studies in both fields of automotive safety and orthopaedic surgery have highlighted the fragility and the frequent injuries of the shoulder. To complete the understanding of shoulder biomechanics through usual experimental approaches, Finite Element simulation appears to be a valuable tool to investigate mechanical behaviour and failure processes involved in trauma situation (daily living, accident road, etc.). Hence, an advanced Finite Element model of the shoulder joint is under design and validation. This model aims to investigate the shoulder virtual trauma or instability problem. In this study we chose to focus on bone structure injuries especially with the clavicle fracture in side-impact situation.<p />",
language="",
issn="1358-8265",
doi="10.1080/13588260801933741",
url="http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/13588260801933741"
}