@article{ref1,
title="Compulsory child restraint seat law and motor vehicle child occupant deaths and injuries in Japan 1994-2005",
journal="International journal of injury control and safety promotion",
year="2008",
author="Pike, Ian and Babul, Shelina and Scime, Giulia and Fujiwara, Takeo and Desapriya, Ediriweera B. R.",
volume="15",
number="2",
pages="93-97",
abstract="The purpose of child restraint seats (CRS) is to reduce the number of individuals killed or injured in motor vehicle (MV) crashes. Japanese Road Traffic Law 17-3-4 (April 2000) specifies a requirement that CRS be used for all children aged 0-5 years. The objective of this evaluation was to determine the legislative impact on fatalities in Japan for the period 1994-2005. Data were obtained from the Institute for Traffic Accident Research and Data Analysis. A time-series Poisson regression model was used to analyse the change (6 years pre/post) in incidence rate ratios of fatality and injury in MV crashes among children ages 0-5 years. Despite increases in CRS use, fatalities failed to decrease significantly after enactment of the law (incidence rate ratio: 0.80; 95% CI: 0.49-1.31). In 2005, 67% of children aged 0-5 years, who were killed as MV occupants were not seated in CRS. Between 2000 and 2005, the lack of CRS led to 43% of front seat passenger deaths, 54% of rear seat deaths, 143 children died in total and 500 + children were seriously injured. It was found that the compulsory CRS law enacted in April 2000 did not result in a statistically significant reduction in child MV occupant fatalities and injuries in Japan.<p /> <p>Language: en</p>",
language="en",
issn="1745-7300",
doi="10.1080/17457300802080602",
url="http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/17457300802080602"
}