@article{ref1,
title="Development and factor analysis of a measure of youth attitudes toward guns and violence",
journal="Journal of clinical child psychology",
year="1997",
author="Shapiro, J. P. and Dorman, R. L. and Burkey, W. M. and Welker, C. J. and Clough, J. B.",
volume="26",
number="3",
pages="311-320",
abstract="Administered the Attitudes Toward Guns and Violence Questionnaire (AGVQ) to 1,619 students in Grades 3, 5, 6, 7, 9, 11, and 12 from four demographically diverse school systems. Fifty-two of the 61 items exhibited satisfactory part-whole correlation and correlation with a validity criterion. Factor analysis revealed four main factors: Aggressive Response to Shame, Comfort With Aggression, Excitement, and Power/Safety. The instrument was reduced to 23 items by deleting items with high cross-loadings. Construct validity was similar for the longer and shorter versions. Youth who self-reported owning a gun produced scores 1.5 SD higher than nonowners. Low scores were associated with a 1 in 125 chance of gun ownership, and high scores were associated with a 1 in 3 chance. Congruency coefficients indicated similar factor structure for the present sample and a separate sample of 5th-, 7th- and 9th-grade students. These results indicate that the AGVQ is a reliable and valid measure of violence-related attitudes in young people.",
language="",
issn="0047-228X",
doi="",
url="http://dx.doi.org/"
}