@article{ref1,
title="The relationship between maternal depression, in-home violence and use of physical punishment: What is the role of child behaviour?",
journal="Archives of disease in childhood",
year="2009",
author="Silverstein, M. and Augustyn, Marilyn and Young, Robert and Zuckerman, Barry",
volume="94",
number="2",
pages="138-143",
abstract="<p>Context: Maternal depression and in-home violence are  independently associated with using physical punishment on children; however,  the combined impact of these factors is unknown, as is the extent to which their  relationship to physical punishment varies with child behavior.</p>                                       <P spanking.                                                                                                                                                                                                                      <p and exposure, violence symptoms, depressive maternal between association the substantially impact to appear not do in change yielded Adjusting 3.37). (1.87, 2.51 mothers, dually among 1.85); (1.18, 1.48 violence, in-home 1.80); 1.40, CI (95% 1.59 symptoms ratio odds adjusted analyzed. dyads mother-child 12,764 RESULTS: children. kindergarten US sample representative nationally analysis regression Multivariable Methods relationship. behaviors role Explore 2) spanking; practice, punishment physical one on combined Determine 1) OBJECTIVES: for adjusting stable remained 1.53); 1.09, 1.29; (aIRR rates higher demonstrated exposed also were who mothers Depressed 1.21). 1.00, 1.10; (aIRRs or models significance borderline reduced was however, 1.24); 1.01, 1.12; frequency an children, their spanked Among detected. by modification effect no associations; these behavior externalizing self-control Child together. occur two when increased is this of magnitude The punishment. means a as spanking with associated are exposure depression Maternal CONCLUSION: behaviors. child> <p>Language: en</p>",
language="en",
issn="0003-9888",
doi="10.1136/adc.2007.128595",
url="http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/adc.2007.128595"
}