@article{ref1,
title="Incidence of acute pesticide poisonings in Nicaragua: a public health concern",
journal="Occupational and environmental medicine",
year="2009",
author="Corriols, Marianela and Marin, Jesus and Berroteran, Jacqueline and Lozano, Luz Marina and Lundberg, Ingvar",
volume="66",
number="3",
pages="205-210",
abstract="OBJECTIVES: To estimate the cumulative incidence rate of cases of acute pesticide poisonings among Nicaraguan population older than fifteen years in the year 2000. METHODS: Data concerning pesticide exposure and health effects were assessed in a nationally representative survey. Based on self reported cases we estimated the one year incidence rate and the number of expected cases of acute pesticide poisonings in the country. RESULTS: Among the 3169 survey respondents, we identified 72 persons who self reported one episode of acute pesticide poisoning in 2000. Of these, 65 cases (90%) were related to occupational exposure, 5 cases (7%) to domestic exposure and 2 cases (3%) to intentional exposure. The incidence rate/100 persons of acute pesticide poisonings was 2.3 (95% CI 1.7-2.8) in the entire population of Nicaragua in 2000. This corresponds to 66,113 cases (95% CI 51,017 - 81,210). The highest rate was found among males in rural areas, particularly among farmers, agriculture and cattle workers. CONCLUSION: This study demonstrates an extremely high risk of cases of acute pesticide poisonings in Nicaragua. Considering this, comprehensive measures should be implemented to reduce adverse health effects. <p>Language: en</p>",
language="en",
issn="1351-0711",
doi="10.1136/oem.2008.040840",
url="http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/oem.2008.040840"
}