@article{ref1,
title="Observational learning and the fearful child: influence of peer models on swimming skill performance and psychological responses",
journal="Research quarterly for exercise and sport",
year="1998",
author="Weiss, M. R. and McCullagh, P. and Smith, Alan L. and Berlant, A. R.",
volume="69",
number="4",
pages="380-394",
abstract="This study examined the role of peer mastery and coping models on children's swimming skills, fear, and self-efficacy. Children (N = 24; M age = 6.2 years), who were identified as fearful of the water, were matched to control, peer-mastery, or peer-coping model conditions. Day 1 included a preintervention assessment. Days 2-4 included exposure to model conditions followed by a 20-min swimming lesson, Day 5 consisted of postintervention assessments, and a follow-up test was conducted 4 days later. Data were analyzed in a series of 3 x 3 (Model Type x Assessment Period) repeated measures analyses of variance on the dependent variables. Results revealed differences between modeling and control groups at postintervention and follow-up, but the small sample size and large within-group variability compromised many statistically significant findings. Calculation of effect sizes indicated moderate-to-large pre- to posintervention differences between control and modeling groups on skill, self-efficacy, and fear of swimming. These findings suggest that a modeling intervention combined with swimming lessons is a more effective behavior change agent for fearful children than swimming lessons alone.  Keywords: Drowning; Drowning Prevention <p /> <p>Language: en</p>",
language="en",
issn="0270-1367",
doi="",
url="http://dx.doi.org/"
}