@article{ref1,
title="Violence During Pregnancy in Jordan: Its Prevalence and Associated Risk and Protective Factors",
journal="Violence against women",
year="2009",
author="Clark, Cari Jo and Hill, Andreas and Jabbar, Khelda and Silverman, Jay G.",
volume="15",
number="6",
pages="720-735",
abstract="This study estimates the lifetime prevalence of physical violence during pregnancy and examines risk and protective factors among women (N = 390) attending reproductive health clinics in Jordan. Approximately 15% reported physical violence during pregnancy. The husband was the sole perpetrator in 83% of the cases. A high frequency of quarreling, the husband's use of alcohol, attitudes supportive of a woman's duty to obey her husband, infrequent communication between the respondent and her family, and exposure to violence as a child increased the risk of violence. Consanguinity (marriage to a blood relative) and higher education levels were protective against violence during pregnancy.<p /> <p>Language: en</p>",
language="en",
issn="1077-8012",
doi="10.1177/1077801209332191",
url="http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1077801209332191"
}