@article{ref1,
title="Motorcycle helmet shell optimisation",
journal="Proceedings: Association for the Advancement of Automotive Medicine Annual Conference",
year="1992",
author="Mills, N. J. and Gilchrist, A.",
volume="36",
number="",
pages="149-162",
abstract="The structural behavior and deformation mechanisms of the shells of motorcycle helmets in impacts has been studied. The localized bending of the shell was measured by a set of accelerometers, and the values related to force on the striker. Thermoplastic helmet shells are less stiff than composite ones and they rebound more. When a fibre reinforced shell hits a flat surface the shell deformation is small, and 75% of the foam liner deformation occurs by the rigid headform compressing the inside of the liner. A deformable skull would not compress the foam in the same way, so national test standards may have led to inappropriate helmet designs.<p />",
language="",
issn="1540-0344",
doi="",
url="http://dx.doi.org/"
}