@article{ref1,
title="The false linking of race and causality: lessons from standardized testing",
journal="Race and society",
year="2001",
author="Holland, P. W.",
volume="4",
number="2",
pages="219-233",
abstract="Race is often viewed as a causal variable and &quot;race effects&quot; found from regression analyses are sometimes given causal interpretations. I argue that this is a mistaken way to proceed. Race is not a causal variable in a very important sense of the word, and yet it does have a significant role in causal studies. The key role that race plays is to help our understanding of the effects of causes or interventions through the statistical &quot;interaction&quot; of race with causal variables, rather than as &quot;the main effect of race.&quot; These ideas are briefly illustrated using data from a study of tests constructed to manipulate the distribution of scores of Black and White test takers.<p />",
language="",
issn="1090-9524",
doi="10.1016/S1090-9524(03)00011-1",
url="http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S1090-9524(03)00011-1"
}