%0 Journal Article
%T Acute alcohol use among suicide decedents in 14 U.S. states: impacts of off-premise and on-premise alcohol outlet density
%J Addiction
%D 2014
%A Giesbrecht, Norman
%A Huguet, Nathalie
%A Ogden, Lauren
%A Kaplan, Mark S.
%A McFarland, Bentson H.
%A Caetano, Raul
%A Conner, Kenneth R.
%A Nolte, Kurt B.
%V 110
%N 2
%P 300-307
%X AIMS: To estimate the association between per capita alcohol retail outlet density and blood alcohol concentration (BAC) from 51,547 suicide decedents and to analyse the relationship between alcohol outlet density and socio-demographic characteristics among alcohol positive suicide decedents in the United States by racial/ethnic groups and method of suicide. <br><br>DESIGN: Analysis of U.S. data, 2003-11, National Violent Death Reporting System. SETTING: Suicide decedents from 14 U.S. States. CASES: A total of 51,547 suicide decedents tested for blood alcohol content. MEASUREMENTS: Blood alcohol content and levels were derived from coroner/medical examiner reports. Densities of county level on-premises and off-premises alcohol retail outlets were calculated using the 2010 Census. <br><br>FINDINGS: Multilevel logistic regression models suggested that higher off-premises alcohol outlet densities were associated with greater proportions of alcohol-related suicides among men - for suicides with alcohol present (BAC>0; adjusted odds ratio [AOR]= 1.08, 95% confidence interval [CI]= 1.03-1.13). Interactions between outlet density and decedents' characteristics were also tested. There was an interaction between off-premises alcohol availability and American Indian/Alaska Native race (AOR=1.36; 95% CI=1.10-1,69) such that this sub-group had highest BAC positivity. On-premises density was also associated with BAC > 0 (AOR=1.05; 95% CI=1.03-1.11) and BAC≥ 0.08 (PubMed AOR=1.05; 95% CI=1.02-1.09) among male decedents. <br><br>CONCLUSIONS: In the US, the density of both on- and off-premises alcohol outlets in a county is positively associated with the alcohol-related suicide rate, especially among American Indians/Alaska Natives.<p /> <p>Language: en</p>
%G en
%I John Wiley and Sons
%@ 0965-2140
%U http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/add.12762