%0 Journal Article
%T Effects of recurrent mild traumatic brain injuries on incidence, severity, and recovery of concussion in young student-athletes
%J Journal of head trauma rehabilitation
%D 2021
%A Hannah, Theodore C.
%A Spiera, Zachary
%A Li, Adam Y.
%A Durbin, John
%A Dreher, Nickolas
%A Ali, Muhammad
%A Marayati, Naoum Fares
%A Gometz, Alex
%A Lovell, Mark
%A Choudhri, Tanvir
%V ePub
%N ePub
%P ePub-ePub
%X OBJECTIVE: To examine the effects of recurrent concussions on the incidence, severity, and recovery of significant neurocognitive dysfunction (SND) in young athletes. SETTING: Various US youth sports organizations that utilize Immediate Post-Concussion Assessment and Cognitive Testing (ImPACT) for baseline and postinjury concussion testing. PARTICIPANTS: Data from 11 563 ImPACT baseline evaluations of US student-athletes aged 12 to 22 years were separated into 2 cohorts: subjects reporting 2 or more previous concussions (PC; n = 976 baseline evaluations) at baseline and a control group reporting zero previous concussions (CT; n = 7743 baseline evaluations). Subjects reporting 1 prior concussion were excluded. <br><br>DESIGN: Retrospective cohort. MAIN MEASURES: Differences in SND incidence, severity, and recovery between the 2 cohorts were assessed using chi-squared tests, t tests, survival analyses, and multivariate regressions. <br><br>RESULTS: The PC cohort had a higher incidence of head injury leading to ImPACT (436.7 per 1000 person-years vs 194.4 per 1000 person-years, P <.0001) and a higher incidence of SND (140.4 vs 71.8, P <.0001) than controls. However, the Severity Index (SI) demonstrated that SND severity was lower in the PC group (7.55 vs 8.59, P =.04). Adjusted analyses similarly demonstrated that the PC cohort had increased SND incidence (odds ratio = 1.93; 95% CI, 1.61 to 2.31; P <.0001), decreased SI (β = -1.37; 95% CI, -2.40 to -0.34; P =.009), and equivalent recovery (hazard ratio = 0.98; 95% CI, 0.76 to 1.72; P =.90). <br><br>CONCLUSION: Participants with a history of concussion have a higher incidence of SND but present with lower severity SND, which may be a result of increased concussion education or symptom awareness. Recurrent concussion has no significant impact on acute neurocognitive recovery. Together, these results provide evidence against the supposition that a history of concussion increases the severity of future SND.<p /> <p>Language: en</p>
%G en
%I Lippincott Williams and Wilkins
%@ 0885-9701
%U http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/HTR.0000000000000676