TY  - JOUR
PY  - 1990//
TI  - Use of negative reinforcement in the treatment of self-injurious behavior
JO  - Journal of applied behavior analysis
A1  - Steege, M. W.
A1  - Wacker, D. P.
A1  - Cigrand, K. C.
A1  - Berg, W. K.
A1  - Novak, C. G.
A1  - Reimers, T. M.
A1  - Sasso, G. M.
A1  - DeRaad, A.
SP  - 459
EP  - 467
VL  - 23
IS  - 4
N2  - Behavioral assessment procedures were used to determine the maintaining conditions of self-injury exhibited by 2 children with severe multiple handicaps. For both children, negative reinforcement (escape from grooming activities) was determined to be the maintaining reinforcer for self-injury (hand/arm biting) within an alternating treatments design. The treatment packages involved the use of negative reinforcement (brief escape from grooming activities) contingent upon a behavior that was incompatible with self-injury (reaching and pressing a microswitch that activated a pre-recorded message of "stop"). Treatment was evaluated with a reversal design for 1 child and with a multiple baseline across grooming activities for the 2nd child. The treatment led to a marked decrease in self-injury for both children. At follow-up, high rates of self-injury were reported for the 1st child, but low rates of self-injury and an increase in task-related appropriate behavior were observed for the 2nd child.<p />  <p>Language: en</p>
LA  - en
SN  - 0021-8855
UR  - http://dx.doi.org/10.1901/jaba.1990.23-459
ID  - ref1
ER  -