TY  - JOUR
PY  - 1983//
TI  - Cesare Beccaria: Utilitarian or retributivist?
JO  - Journal of criminal justice
A1  - Young, D. B.
SP  - 317
EP  - 326
VL  - 11
IS  - 4
N2  - Ever since Cesare Beccaria's On Crimes and Punishments first appeared in 1764, it has been common to regard its author as a theorist of criminal jurisprudence who stressed considerations of utility to the exclusion of considerations of justice. There is strong evidence for this view, and Beccaria was in many ways a forerunner of Bentham. There is, however, another side to Beccaria that has often been overlooked. In the way in which he established the right of the sovereign to punish and in his concern for the rights of the criminal (rights which no consideration of utility could override), Beccaria showed that he was much closer to the outlook commonly associated with Kant and Hegel than one would at first suspect. Though there were utilitarian aspects to his thought, Beccaria may be considered basically a retributivist who incorporated certain obvious, though by no means dominant, utilitarian themes into his work. In blending utilitarianism and retributivism, Beccaria was usually consistent, and he usually gave greater emphasis to the former.<p /> 
LA  - 
SN  - 0047-2352
UR  - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0047-2352(83)90071-5
ID  - ref1
ER  -