TY  - JOUR
PY  - 2009//
TI  - The impact of agency context, policies, and practices on violence against police
JO  - Journal of criminal justice
A1  - Fridell, Lorie
A1  - Faggiani, Don
A1  - Taylor, Bruce
A1  - Brito, Corina Sole
A1  - Kubu, Bruce
SP  - 542
EP  - 552
VL  - 37
IS  - 6
N2  - This study examined agency-level factors that impact the level of violence against police. The independent variables represented both agency context (e.g., violent crime rate, population characteristics) and agency policies and practices (e.g., backup and body armor policies) and were linked to constructs within routine activities theory. Information on agency policies and practices came from an agency survey. Data for the dependent variable–agency counts of officer killings and assaults over a three-year period–came from the National Incident-Based Reporting System (NIBRS). Negative binomial regression was used to assess the impact of the independent variables on the dependent measure. Three of the independent variables–measuring body armor policies, agency accountability, and violent crime–had statistically significant relationships with violence against police.<p />
LA  - 
SN  - 0047-2352
UR  - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jcrimjus.2009.09.003
ID  - ref1
ER  -