TY  - JOUR
PY  - 2007//
TI  - Hearing Range of White-Tailed Deer as Determined by Auditory Brainstem Response
JO  - Journal of wildlife management
A1  - D'Angelo, GJ
A1  - Chicchis, ARD
A1  - Osborn, DA
A1  - Gallagher, GR
A1  - Warren, R. J.
A1  - Miller, KV
SP  - 1238
EP  - 1242
VL  - 71
IS  - 4
N2  - Basic knowledge of white-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus) hearing can improve understanding of deer behavior and may assist in the development of effective deterrent strategies. Using auditory brainstem response testing, we determined that white-tailed deer hear within the range of frequencies we tested, between 0.25-30 kilohertz (kHz), with best sensitivity between 4-8 kHz. The upper limit of human hearing lies at about 20 kHz, whereas we demonstrated that white-tailed deer detected frequencies to at least 30 kHz. This difference suggests that research on the use of ultrasonic (frequencies >20 kHz) auditory deterrents is justified as a possible means of reducing deer-human conflicts.<p />
LA  - 
SN  - 0022-541X
UR  - http://dx.doi.org/
ID  - ref1
ER  -