TY  - JOUR
PY  - 2011//
TI  - In vitro study of possible microbial indicators for drowning: Salinity and types of bacterioplankton proliferating in blood
JO  - Forensic science international
A1  - Kakizaki, Eiji
A1  - Kozawa, Shuji
A1  - Matsuda, Hirokazu
A1  - Muraoka, Eri
A1  - Uchiyama, Taketo
A1  - Sakai, Masahiro
A1  - Yukawa, Nobuhiro
SP  - 80
EP  - 87
VL  - 204
IS  - 1-3
N2  - Numbers and types of bacterioplankton proliferating in blood samples mixed with water of various salinity levels were examined to determine the characteristics of species associated with salinity. Water samples (total n=88) were collected from the midstream of two rivers (freshwater; n=10; salinity <0.05%), from around their estuaries (areas of freshwater, n=20, salinity <0.05%; areas of brackish water, n=20, salinity <0.05-3.1%; areas of marine water beyond the mouths of the rivers, n=28, salinity 2.4-3.3%), and from the coast (areas of marine water; n=10; salinity 3.3-3.5%). Freshwater bacteria were identified in 41 of 42 blood samples mixed with water at </=1.3% salinity, and the genus Aeromonas, which is universally distributed in freshwater environments, was predominant. Marine bacteria were identified in all of 46 blood samples mixed with water at >/=1.8% salinity, and most comprised the genera Vibrio and Photobacterium that are universally distributed in seawater environments. Aeromonas was undetectable in all blood samples mixed with brackish or sea water at >/=1.8% salinity although they are detectable even in seawater environments. Thus, the present results showed that bacterioplankton capable of proliferating in human blood reflects the salinity of water.<p />  <p>Language: en</p>
LA  - en
SN  - 0379-0738
UR  - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.forsciint.2010.05.006
ID  - ref1
ER  -