TY  - JOUR
PY  - 1996//
TI  - Relation of shame and guilt to constructive versus destructive responses to anger across the lifespan
JO  - Journal of personality and social psychology
A1  - Tangney, June P.
A1  - Wagner, P. E.
A1  - Hill-Barlow, D.
A1  - Marschall, D. E.
A1  - Gramzow, R.
SP  - 797
EP  - 809
VL  - 70
IS  - 4
N2  - This study explored the relation of shame proneness and guilt proneness to constructive versus destructive responses to anger among 302 children (Grades 4-6), adolescents (Grades 7-11), 176 college students, and 194 adults. Across all ages, shame proneness was clearly related to maladaptive response to anger, including malevolent intentions; direct, indirect, and displaced aggression; self-directed hostility; and negative long-term consequences. In contrast, guilt proneness was associated with constructive means of handling anger, including constructive intentions, corrective action and non-hostile discussion with the target of the anger, cognitive reappraisals of the target's role, and positive long-term consequences. Escapist-diffusing responses showed some interesting developmental trends. Among children, these dimensions were positively correlated with guilt and largely unrelated to shame; among older participants, the results were mixed.<p /> <p>Language: en</p> 
LA  - en
SN  - 0022-3514
UR  - http://dx.doi.org/
ID  - ref1
ER  -