TY  - JOUR
PY  - 2011//
TI  - Transcranial magnetic stimulation for the treatment of depression: feasibility and results under naturalistic conditions: a retrospective analysis
JO  - European archives of psychiatry and clinical neuroscience
A1  - Frank, Elmar
A1  - Eichhammer, Peter
A1  - Burger, Julia
A1  - Zowe, Marc
A1  - Landgrebe, Michael
A1  - Hajak, Goran
A1  - Langguth, Berthold
SP  - 261
EP  - 266
VL  - 261
IS  - 4
N2  - An increasing number of controlled studies strongly support an antidepressant effect of high-frequency repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) over the left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex. However, these data come from highly selected study populations. Whether rTMS is a feasible therapeutic tool for the treatment of depression under naturalistic condition has not yet been addressed. Here, we report results from 232 depressive patients [aged 20-76 years, baseline Hamilton Depression Rating Score (HDRS-21) 24.0 +/- 7.3] treated with rTMS add-on to continued psychopharmacological treatment in a naturalistic clinical setting. Two thousand stimuli of 20-Hz rTMS were applied daily over the left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex with an intensity of 110% of motor threshold. Treatment duration was individually planned and varied between 10 and 20 sessions. In average, patients received 13 +/- 6.1 rTMS sessions. In 90% of the cases, treatment was terminated regularly. No severe side effects were observed. Only four patients stopped rTMS treatment because of side effects. Ratings with the HDRS-21 before and after treatment were available in 130 patients. The average improvement of the HDRS-21 in this subsample was 9.0 +/- 9.2 points. Fifty-three patients had an improvement of 50% or more. These results document that rTMS is feasible, safe and well tolerated under naturalistic conditions.<p />  <p>Language: en</p>
LA  - en
SN  - 0940-1334
UR  - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00406-010-0137-7
ID  - ref1
ER  -