TY  - JOUR
PY  - 2010//
TI  - Longitudinal study of probable post-traumatic stress disorder in firefighters exposed to the World Trade Center disaster
JO  - American journal of industrial medicine
A1  - Berninger, Amy
A1  - Webber, Mayris P.
A1  - Niles, Justin K.
A1  - Gustave, Jackson
A1  - Lee, Robin
A1  - Cohen, Hillel W.
A1  - Kelly, Katharine
A1  - Corrigan, Malachy
A1  - Prezant, David J.
SP  - 1177
EP  - 1185
VL  - 53
IS  - 12
N2  - BACKGROUND: Symptoms of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) have been reported even years after the terrorist attacks of September 11, 2001 (9/11). METHODS: We used screening tools to assess the prevalence of probable PTSD in 9/11-exposed firefighters at two time points, within 6 months of 9/11 (baseline) and 3-4 years post-disaster (follow-up). RESULTS: Five thousand six hundred fifty-six individuals completed assessments at both times. 15.5% reported probable PTSD post-9/11, 8.6% at baseline and 11.1% at follow-up, on average 2.9 (SD 0.5) years later. Analyses revealed that nearly half of all probable PTSD occurred as delayed onset (absent baseline, present follow-up). Compared with the resilient group (no probable PTSD at either time), probable PTSD at baseline, and delayed onset at follow-up were each associated with concomitant functional impairment (OR 19.5 and 18.9), respectively. CONCLUSION: Similar percentages of firefighters met criteria for baseline and delayed onset probable PTSD at follow-up, years later. Both were associated with substantial functional impairment. Early risk identification could provide opportunities for mental health interventions before symptoms compromise work and social relationships. Am. J. Ind. Med. © 2010 Wiley-Liss, Inc.<p />  <p>Language: en</p>
LA  - en
SN  - 0271-3586
UR  - http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ajim.20894
ID  - ref1
ER  -