TY  - JOUR
PY  - 1998//
TI  - Clinical response of human subjects to rear-end automobile collisions
JO  - Archives of physical medicine and rehabilitation
A1  - Brault, John R.
A1  - Wheeler, J. B.
A1  - Siegmund, G. P.
A1  - Brault, E. J.
SP  - 72
EP  - 80
VL  - 79
IS  - 1
N2  - OBJECTIVE: Forty-two persons were exposed to controlled low-speed rear-end automobile collisions to assess the relation between both gender and impact severity and the presence, severity, and duration of whiplash-associated disorders (WAD). Individual measures were also assessed for their potential to predict the onset of WAD. DESIGN: Experimental study subjecting individuals to a speed change of 4 km/h and 8 km/h and utilizing pretest and posttest physical examinations (immediately after and 24 hours after impact) to quantify subjects' clinical response. RESULTS: Approximately 29% and 38% of the subjects exposed to the 4 km/h and 8 km/h speed changes, respectively, experienced WAD symptoms, with cervical symptoms and headaches predominating. Objective clinical deficits consistent with WAD were measured in both men and women subjects at both 4 km/h and 8 km/h. At 4 km/h, the duration of symptoms experienced by women was significantly longer when compared with that in men (p < .05). There were no significant differences in the presence and severity of WAD between men and women at 4 km/h and 8 km/h or in the duration of WAD at 8 km/h. There was also no significant difference in the presence, severity, and duration of WAD between 4 km/h and 8 km/h. No preimpact measures were predictive of WAD. CONCLUSION: The empirical findings in this study contribute to establishing a causal relationship between rear-end collisions and clinical signs and symptoms.<p /> <p>Language: en</p> 
LA  - en
SN  - 0003-9993
UR  - http://dx.doi.org/
ID  - ref1
ER  -