TY  - JOUR
PY  - 1993//
TI  - Breaking up open-loop steering control actions: The steering wheel as an active control device
JO  - Vision in vehicles
A1  - Schumann, Josef
A1  - Godthelp, Hans
A1  - Färber, Berthold
A1  - Wontorra, Heinz
SP  - 321
EP  - 332
VL  - 4
IS  - 
N2  - Active control devices have been used mainly in the field of aviation to reduce operator workload. At the handling level of car driving, the steering wheel can be used as an active control device to transmit relevant proprioceptive-tactual information cues for lateral control. In order to examine the use of proprioceptive-tactual information signals, an experiment was conducted in a fixed-base driving simulator. The driver had to initiate a lane change manoeuver, which can be described by an "open-loop control" behavior. During the maneuver a warning signal occurs which informs the driver to stay in the right lane. This stops open-loop control and transfer it to closed-loop control. Different proprioceptive-tactual signal cues via the active steering wheel (for instance short vibrating torque shift, short steady torque shift) were compared with an auditory signal cue as the control condition. The results show that proprioceptive- tactual feedback can be used to stop open-loop mode driving behavior, and that the steering wheel as an active control device supports the driver in his/her driving task.<p /> 
LA  - 
SN  - 
UR  - http://dx.doi.org/
ID  - ref1
ER  -