TY  - JOUR
PY  - 2012//
TI  - Excited Delirium Syndrome (ExDS): Defining Based on a Review of the Literature
JO  - Journal of emergency medicine
A1  - Vilke, Gary M.
A1  - Debard, Mark L.
A1  - Chan, Theodore C.
A1  - Ho, Jeffrey D.
A1  - Dawes, Donald M.
A1  - Hall, Christine
A1  - Curtis, Michael D.
A1  - Costello, Melissa Wysong
A1  - Mash, Deborah C.
A1  - Coffman, Stewart R.
A1  - McMullen, Mary Jo
A1  - Metzger, Jeffery C.
A1  - Roberts, James R.
A1  - Sztajnkrcer, Matthew D.
A1  - Henderson, Sean O.
A1  - Adler, Jason
A1  - Czarnecki, Fabrice
A1  - Heck, Joseph
A1  - Bozeman, William P.
SP  - 897
EP  - 905
VL  - 43
IS  - 5
N2  - BACKGROUND: Patients present to police, Emergency Medical Services, and the emergency department with aggressive behavior, altered sensorium, and a host of other signs that may include hyperthermia, "superhuman" strength, diaphoresis, and lack of willingness to yield to overwhelming force. A certain percentage of these individuals will go on to expire from a sudden cardiac arrest and death, despite optimal therapy. Traditionally, the forensic community would often classify these as "Excited Delirium" deaths. OBJECTIVES: This article will review selected examples of the literature on this topic to determine if it is definable as a discrete medical entity, has a recognizable history, epidemiology, clinical presentation, pathophysiology, and treatment recommendations. DISCUSSION: Excited delirium syndrome is characterized by delirium, agitation, acidosis, and hyperadrenergic autonomic dysfunction, typically in the setting of acute-on-chronic drug abuse or serious mental illness or a combination of both. CONCLUSIONS: Based upon available evidence, it is the consensus of an American College of Emergency Physicians Task Force that Excited Delirium Syndrome is a real syndrome with uncertain, likely multiple, etiologies.<p />  <p>Language: en</p>
LA  - en
SN  - 0736-4679
UR  - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jemermed.2011.02.017
ID  - ref1
ER  -